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1 The Pharisees <5330> also <2532> with the Sadducees <4523> came <4334> (5631), and <2532> tempting <3985> (5723) desired <1905> (5656) him <846> that he would shew <1925> (5658) them <846> a sign <4592> from <1537> heaven <3772>.
2 <1161> He answered <611> (5679) and said <2036> (5627) unto them <846>, When it is <1096> (5637) evening <3798>, ye say <3004> (5719), It will be fair weather <2105>: for <1063> the sky <3772> is red <4449> (5719).
3 And <2532> in the morning <4404>, It will be foul weather <5494> to day <4594>: for <1063> the sky <3772> is red <4449> (5719) and lowring <4768> (5723). O ye hypocrites <5273>, ye can <1097> (5719) discern <1252> (5721) <3303> the face <4383> of the sky <3772>; but <1161> can ye <1410> (5736) not <3756> discern the signs <4592> of the times <2540>?
 - KAIROS - TIME
4 A wicked <4190> and <2532> adulterous <3428> generation <1074> seeketh after <1934> (5719) a sign <4592>; and <2532> there shall no <3756> sign <4592> be given <1325> (5701) unto it <846>, but <1508> the sign <4592> of the prophet <4396> Jonas <2495>. And <2532> he left <2641> (5631) them <846>, and departed <565> (5627).
5 And <2532> when his <846> disciples <3101> were come <2064> (5631) to <1519> the other side <4008>, they had forgotten <1950> (5633) to take <2983> (5629) bread <740>.
6 Then <1161> Jesus <2424> said <2036> (5627) unto them <846>, Take heed <3708> (5720) and <2532> beware <4337> (5720) of <575> the leaven <2219> of the Pharisees <5330> and <2532> of the Sadducees <4523>.
7 And <1161> they reasoned <1260> (5711) among <1722> themselves <1438>, saying <3004> (5723) , It is because <3754> we have taken <2983> (5627) no <3756> bread <740>.
8 Which when <1161> Jesus <2424> perceived <1097> (5631), he said <2036> (5627) unto them <846>, O ye of little faith <3640>, why <5101> reason ye <1260> (5736) among <1722> yourselves <1438>, because <3754> ye have brought <2983> (5627) no <3756> bread <740>?
9 Do ye <3539> <0> not yet <3768> understand <3539> (5719), neither <3761> remember <3421> (5719) the five <4002> loaves <740> of the five thousand <4000>, and <2532> how many <4214> baskets <2894> ye took up <2983> (5627)?
10 Neither <3761> the seven <2033> loaves <740> of the four thousand <5070>, and <2532> how many <4214> baskets <4711> ye took up <2983> (5627)?
11 How <4459> is it that <3754> ye do <3539> <0> not <3756> understand <3539> (5719) that I spake <2036> (5627) it not <3756> to you <5213> concerning <4012> bread <740>, that ye should beware <4337> (5721) of <575> the leaven <2219> of the Pharisees <5330> and <2532> of the Sadducees <4523>?
12 Then <5119> understood they <4920> (5656) how that <3754> he bade <2036> (5627) them not <3756> beware <4337> (5721) of <575> the leaven <2219> of bread <740>, but <235> of <575> the doctrine <1322> of the Pharisees <5330> and <2532> of the Sadducees <4523>.
Jesus often used allegories or illustrations in His ministry. It is the hallmark of a good teacher. And often the best way to benefit from much of the Old Testament is to interpret it as an allegory.
- ALLEGORY

13 When <1161> Jesus <2424> came <2064> (5631) into <1519> the coasts <3313> of Caesarea <2542> Philippi <5376>, he asked <2065> (5707) his <846> disciples <3101>, saying <3004> (5723), Whom <5101> do men <444> say <3004> (5719) that I <3165> the Son <5207> of man <444> am <1511> (5750)?
14 And <1161> they said <2036> (5627), Some say that thou art <3303> John <2491> the Baptist <910> : <1161> some <243>, Elias <2243>; and <1161> others <2087>, Jeremias <2408>, or <2228> one <1520> of the prophets <4396>.
15 He saith <3004> (5719) unto them <846>, But <1161> whom <5101> say <3004> (5719) ye <5210> that I <3165> am <1511> (5750)?
16 And <1161> Simon <4613> Peter <4074> answered <611> (5679) and said <2036> (5627), Thou <4771> art <1488> (5748) the Christ <5547>, the Son <5207> of the living <2198> (5723) God <2316>.
This statement is known as The Great Confession. When a person believes this and acknowledges it, the way is paved for Salvation. If we cannot acknowledge Jesus as Lord and God, there is no salvation.

17 And <2532> Jesus <2424> answered <611> (5679) and said <2036> (5627) unto him <846>, Blessed <3107> art thou <1488> (5748), Simon <4613> Barjona <920>: for <3754> flesh <4561> and <2532> blood <129> hath <601> <0> not <3756> revealed <601> (5656) it unto thee <4671>, but <235> my <3450> Father <3962> which <3588> is in <1722> heaven <3772>.
This knowledge comes through the work of the Holy Spirit, who reveals things to us and causes us to understand God's word, since He is the author of the Word.

18 And <1161> I say <3004> (5719) also <2504> unto thee <4671>, That <3754> thou <4771> art <1488> (5748) Peter <4074>, and <2532> upon <1909> this <5026> rock <4073> I will build <3618> (5692) my <3450> church <1577>; and <2532> the gates <4439> of hell <86> shall <2729> <0> not <3756> prevail against <2729> (5692) it <846>.
Jesus was not telling Peter that He would build the church on Peter, as Catholics believe. He compared Peter with Himself. Peter was just a little stone, but Jesus was a mighty rock more like the Rock of Gibralter.

19 And <2532> I will give <1325> (5692) unto thee <4671> the keys <2807> of the kingdom <932> of heaven <3772>: and <2532> whatsoever <3739> <1437> thou shalt bind <1210> (5661) on <1909> earth <1093> shall be <2071> (5704) bound <1210> (5772) in <1722> heaven <3772>: and <2532> whatsoever <3739> <1437> thou shalt loose <3089> (5661) on <1909> earth <1093> shall be <2071> (5704) loosed <3089> (5772) in <1722> heaven <3772>.
Keys speak of authority and have two main functions - to bind or forbid and to release or unlock.

20 Then <5119> charged he <1291> (5668) his <846> disciples <3101> that <2443> they should tell <2036> (5632) no man <3367> that <3754> he <846> was <2076> (5748) Jesus <2424> the Christ <5547> .
This was meant to be preached after Calvary and after he had risen and ascended to heaven.

21 From <575> that time forth <5119> began <756> (5662) Jesus <2424> to shew <1166> (5721) unto his <846> disciples <3101>, how that <3754> he <846> must <1163> (5748) go <565> (5629) unto <1519> Jerusalem <2414>, and <2532> suffer <3958> (5629) many things <4183> of <575> the elders <4245> and <2532> chief priests <749> and <2532> scribes <1122>, and <2532> be killed <615> (5683), and <2532> be raised again <1453> (5683) the third <5154> day <2250>.
22 Then <2532> Peter <4074> took <4355> (5642) him <846>, and began <756> (5662) to rebuke <2008> (5721) him <846>, saying <3004> (5723), Be it far <2436> from thee <4671>, Lord <2962>: this <5124> shall <2071> <0> not <3364> be <2071> (5704) unto thee <4671>.
23 But <1161> he turned <4762> (5651), and said <2036> (5627) unto Peter <4074>, Get thee <5217> (5720) behind <3694> me <3450>, Satan <4567>: thou <1488> (5748) art <3754> an offence <4625> unto me <3450>: for thou savourest <5426> (5719) not <3756> the things <3588> that be of God <2316>, but <235> those that be of men <444>.
Satan was using Peter to discourage Jesus from going to the cross. Jesus saw this influence and rebuked the demon, rather than Peter, whose motives were pure.

24 Then <5119> said <2036> (5627) Jesus <2424> unto his <846> disciples <3101>, If any <1536> man will <2309> (5719) come <2064> (5629) after <3694> me <3450>, let him deny <533> (5663) himself <1438>, and <2532> take up <142> (5657) his <846> cross <4716>, and <2532> follow <190> (5720) me <3427>.
Jesus had not yet gone to the cross, so He was not yet telling them to follow a crucified life or put the flesh on the cross. The expression 'take up the cross' meant full submission to His will.

25 For <1063> whosoever <3739> <302> will <2309> (5725) save <4982> (5658) his <846> life <5590> shall lose <622> (5692) it <846>: and <1161> whosoever <3739> <302> will lose <622> (5661) his <846> life <5590> for <1752> <0> my <1700> sake <1752> shall find <2147> (5692) it <846>.
 - PSUCHE - SOUL LIFE
26 For <1063> what <5101> is a man <444> profited <5623> (5743), if <1437> he shall gain <2770> (5661) the whole <3650> world <2889>, and <1161> lose <2210> (5686) his own <846> soul <5590> ? or <2228> what <5101> shall a man <444> give <1325> (5692) in exchange <465> for his <846> soul <5590> ?
The soul is the control tower and the seat of the personality, mind, emotions, and will. This part of us is always active in serving the Lord - we never become like robots that automatically do as they are told.

27 For <1063> the Son <5207> of man <444> shall <3195> (5719) come <2064> (5738) in <1722> the glory <1391> of his <846> Father <3962> with <3326> his <846> angels <32>; and <2532> then <5119> he shall reward <591> (5692) every man <1538> according <2596> to his <846> works <4234>.
28 Verily <281> I say <3004> (5719) unto you <5213>, There be <1526> (5748) some <5100> standing <2476> (5761) here <5602>, which <3748> shall <1089> <0> not <3364> taste <1089> (5667) of death <2288>, till <302> <2193> they see <1492> (5632) the Son <5207> of man <444> coming <2064> (5740) in <1722> his <846> kingdom <932>.
He was referring here to what they were about to experience where He began to glow with the glory of the Father at the transfiguration.